https://phys.org/science-news/ en-us The latest science news on archaeology, fossils, mathematics, and science technology from Phys.org Since 2011, California has significantly reformed its criminal justice system, reducing the size of its prison population, with no effect on violent crime and only marginal impacts on property crime statewide. The COVID-19 pandemic furthered decarceration as the state reduced state prison and jail populations to slow the spread of the virus. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-covid-related-decarceration-affect-crime-california.html Political science Fri, 20 Oct 2023 14:16:38 EDT news617030195 It's said that a dog is a man's best friend, but the wild dingo is much maligned in Australia. This may not always have been the case though, with new research led by experts at The Australian National University and The University of Western Australia suggesting that dingoes were buried—and even domesticated—by First Nations people prior to European colonization. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-dingoes-almost-human-status-pre-colonial-australia.html Archaeology Fri, 20 Oct 2023 14:14:03 EDT news617030041 It's a familiar story to many of us: In prehistoric times, men were hunters and women were gatherers. Women were not physically capable of hunting because their anatomy was different from men. And because men were hunters, they drove human evolution. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-prehistoric-gender-roles-women-hunters.html Archaeology Fri, 20 Oct 2023 14:07:04 EDT news617029621 Women faculty are more likely to leave academia than men faculty throughout all career stages in U.S. universities, University of Colorado Boulder researchers revealed in the most comprehensive analysis of retention in academia to date. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-analysis-reveals-harsh-workplace-climate.html Economics & Business Education Fri, 20 Oct 2023 14:00:01 EDT news617010001 Buy your ticket on a Tuesday. Search in your browser's incognito mode. Use a VPN to pretend you live in Suriname. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-peer-black-airline-pricing.html Economics & Business Fri, 20 Oct 2023 13:55:22 EDT news617028906 The use of web tracking panel data provides new insights into Germans' online pornography use. According to new research published in Archives of Sexual Behavior, German Catholics, Protestants, and the religiously unaffiliated are as likely to use online pornography as each other. By comparison, members of minority religions in Germany, such as Muslims or Orthodox Christians, are less likely to use online pornography. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-mainstream-christians-non-religious-equally-online.html Social Sciences Fri, 20 Oct 2023 13:21:02 EDT news617026861 New research suggests the fast-growing UK employee ownership sector is markedly outperforming the UK's national productivity trend while simultaneously contributing to employee well-being, fair pay, community resilience and commitment to net zero. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-employee-businesses-productivity-boost.html Economics & Business Fri, 20 Oct 2023 12:56:04 EDT news617025362 If you're older than your boss, you're not alone. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-qa-younger-experienced-bosses-workplace.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Fri, 20 Oct 2023 12:53:04 EDT news617025182 In a part of Sweden northeast of Stockholm, Nina Berglund likes trying out new ways to teach her science students aged 10 to 12. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-science-lessons-europe-life-schooling.html Education Fri, 20 Oct 2023 12:42:04 EDT news617024521 When Wellington carpenter Samuel Parnell began the struggle for an eight-hour working day back in 1840, he could have never foreseen how modern work culture would evolve. But he would no doubt empathize with the challenges faced by today's workers. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-nz-always-on-culture-hour-workdayshould.html Economics & Business Political science Fri, 20 Oct 2023 11:57:03 EDT news617021821 Parents face eye-watering costs for childcare in the UK. A part-time nursery place for a child under two sets parents in Britain back, on average, £7,134 a year. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-opinion-responsibility-statecare-young-children.html Education Political science Fri, 20 Oct 2023 11:49:04 EDT news617021341 Ireland has formally opened the new women's wing of the Limerick prison. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-prison-ireland-history-penal-reform.html Social Sciences Political science Fri, 20 Oct 2023 11:47:03 EDT news617021221 Australian children are facing some big challenges. NAPLAN data shows about one in three students in years 3 to 9 are behind in reading-related skills. It is also estimated about one in seven children have poor mental health. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-kids-difficulties-anxietywhat-parents.html Education Fri, 20 Oct 2023 11:37:03 EDT news617020621 The world may have felt like it had stopped in the pandemic's first weeks. But a "flight to safety" was underway at a popular digital job platform catering to the startup sector. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-startup-workers-fled-bigger-companies.html Economics & Business Thu, 19 Oct 2023 17:21:03 EDT news616954861 A new study by Dr. Veronica Lamarche, from the University of Essex Department of Psychology, has discovered that equal consumption is more important than levels of drunkenness. This was the case even when couples had drunk to excess and was the same across sexualities and genders. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-hookups-partner-drunker-assault.html Social Sciences Thu, 19 Oct 2023 17:12:03 EDT news616954322 Did you know the change rattling in your pocket is similar to coins used in ancient Greece? https://phys.org/news/2023-10-museum-ancient-greek-coins.html Archaeology Thu, 19 Oct 2023 16:58:34 EDT news616953511 "Impact Fintech" is a new term coined by researchers at the University of Waterloo's School of Environment, Enterprise and Development which describes a new category of financial technology firm—one that moves beyond ESG standards and instead embraces the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). https://phys.org/news/2023-10-fintech-firms-advance-sustainability-goals.html Economics & Business Thu, 19 Oct 2023 15:42:03 EDT news616948922 A large-scale review of two key U.K. policy areas reveals that health outcomes are largely missing when it comes to shaping our urban centers. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-uk-healthy-urban-policies.html Political science Thu, 19 Oct 2023 15:37:03 EDT news616948621 Any divestment from BP and Shell by investors is cancelled out by the top 20 mega-shareholders' acquisition of shares according to new report from the Center for Climate Crime and Climate Justice at Queen Mary University of London https://phys.org/news/2023-10-reveals-bp-shell-divestment-small.html Economics & Business Thu, 19 Oct 2023 15:14:03 EDT news616947241 Unemployment among the youth is a serious problem in many developing countries, especially in Africa. This issue stems in great part from a stagnant manufacturing sector. Firms in African countries have failed to grow significantly over the past decade, leading to fewer job positions for the youth. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-role-chain-knowledge-case-south.html Economics & Business Thu, 19 Oct 2023 14:51:04 EDT news616945862 Researchers provide eight practical suggestions to managers to prevent the occurrence of quiet quitting in the first place, as well as effectively handling it once it occurs. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-scientists-quiet-occurrence-companies.html Economics & Business Thu, 19 Oct 2023 14:48:03 EDT news616945681 Flooding in the United States costs communities more than $32 billion each year. As climate change drives increasingly severe and erratic storm events, experts project that figure to rise in coming years: Forecasts estimate that flood risk will increase by more than 26% by 2050. Because of socioeconomic inequalities in flood risk mitigation, flooding disproportionately affects metropolitan areas with larger populations of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) residents. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-machine-highlights-ways-mitigation.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Thu, 19 Oct 2023 14:21:11 EDT news616944068 Understanding supply networks could have a significant impact on improving supply security, promoting and objective monitoring of the green transition, strengthening human rights compliance, and reducing tax evasion. International alliances are needed for such an understanding, as emphasized by a research team led by the Complexity Science Hub in a recent commentary in Science. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-urge-alliances-chain.html Economics & Business Thu, 19 Oct 2023 14:00:01 EDT news616923867 In a comprehensive analysis of news consumption across the globe, a recent report by Reuters concluded that "interest in news continues to decline, fueling disengagement and selective news avoidance." In the 46 countries surveyed in the report, public interest in news has dropped significantly in the UK, France, the US and Spain over the eight-year period from 2015 to 2023. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-people-experiencing-news-fatigue-voters.html Social Sciences Political science Thu, 19 Oct 2023 13:40:01 EDT news616941106 College students face different, often co-occurring barriers that may prevent them from participating in healthy leisure activities, like exercising or reading for pleasure, according to new research led by Penn State College of Health and Human Development researchers and alumni. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-barriers-college-students-healthy-leisure.html Social Sciences Education Thu, 19 Oct 2023 13:36:21 EDT news616941378 Across the roughly 1,300 square miles of the White Earth Indian Reservation in northwest Minnesota, tribal members harvest wild rice in waters that have sustained them for generations. They've been working for decades to restore sturgeon, a culturally important fish, and they harvest minnows and leeches to supply bait for anglers across the country. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-native-lack-tribes.html Political science Thu, 19 Oct 2023 13:28:05 EDT news616940882 What happens when lonely men, embittered by a sense of failure in the sexual marketplace, find each other and form communities on the internet? The result can be deadly. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-psychologist-genesis-online-groups-sexually.html Social Sciences Thu, 19 Oct 2023 13:06:12 EDT news616939560 Before epilepsy was understood to be a neurological condition, people believed it was caused by the moon, or by phlegm in the brain. They condemned seizures as evidence of witchcraft or demonic possession, and killed or castrated sufferers to prevent them from passing tainted blood to a new generation. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-scientist-decades-dont-free.html Social Sciences Thu, 19 Oct 2023 13:04:32 EDT news616939465 In an era plagued by malevolent sources flooding the internet with misrepresentations, distortions, manipulated imagery and flat-out lies, it should come as some comfort that in at least one arena there is an honor system set up to ensure honesty and integrity: the peer-review process for scholarly publications. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-large-language-peer-review.html Education Thu, 19 Oct 2023 13:04:12 EDT news616939438 A new EPFL developed tool, Quotebank, has helped researchers provide the first large-scale data-driven evidence of a drastic shift towards a more negative political tone beginning at the start of Donald Trump's primary campaign in June 2015. https://phys.org/news/2023-10-tool-shift-negative-political-tone.html Political science Thu, 19 Oct 2023 12:47:04 EDT news616938421